I have been experimenting with Mongodb's geospatial searches lately - and even though the documentation is less than perfect I have at long last managed to create the necessary geo indexes and get rudimentary "near" searches working.
The first challenge was to make sure locations were in the correct format - something like this:

notice that I had to make sure the coordinates were specified as numeric.
Also note the inclusion of the _id key - this has to be the unique and persistent id for the document, otherwise mongodb will generate its own primary key - which may not be what you want to live with.